This paper gives a broad overview of the role and opportunities for bus transit in the Twenty-first Century. Drawing from the inputs of a millenium paper prepared by the Bus Transit Committee, it reviews the past experience, present status, and future prospects. It identifies the many policy choices, likely dimensions of change, and various opportunities for improvements in service design, vehicles, bus technology and management.

This project is concerned with the assessment of the generalized costs of passenger transportation in New Jersey and the application of these cost estimates to policy decisions. The first objective was to develop a generic cost model that estimates the generalized economic costs of various modes of passenger transportation. The second objective was to use the model to analyze policy decisions concerning different modes of passenger transportation.

This paper reports on a natural experiment which studied groups of commuters who are equivalent in most important demographic respects, and who had equivalent commuting experiences, but were differentially affected by a new and improved mass transit (rail) route to work. These commuters changed a significant aspect of their commute, but did not change other critical aspects of their lives (e.g., the start and end points of the trips, the jobs they go to, the homes they return to), so that commuting changes were not confounded with other life changes.

An improvement in the transportation system in a certain area will have an impact on accessibility, which in turn may affect land use, economic development and travel patterns in that region. How large is this impact on each of the above mentioned issues? This can be measured by observing the changes in certain indicators such as population, income level, employment rate, land use patterns, and transportation system characteristics of this region.

New York City Department of Transportation (NYCDOT) subsidizes several franchise bus operators in Queens and Brooklyn.  The franchise operators, which started operating in the first half of the Twentieth Century, have made few changes to their routes in the past several decades despite the changes in the neighborhoods that their routes serve; for example, new shopping areas developing, neighborhoods that gentrify or degenerate, exodus of industry.

The franchised bus lines that New York City Department of Transportation (NYCDOT) has been subsidizing have been in place for 50 years without major adjustments or changes despite shifts in travel patterns, the growth of new traffic generators, increases in fares and fare structures, and the growth of competing modes such as the dollar vans.  Additionally, NYCDOT is dependent on the franchise companies for basic information about the franchise bus service, including ridership counts.

In the United States millions of piles are used to support residential, commercial, and transportation structures. There are, however, some problems associated with the use of traditional piling. It is now more commonly required to install piles on corrosive and contaminated soils, due to industrialization. The durability of concrete, corrosion of steel, and deterioration of wood are serious hindrances to

This working paper describes the socio-economic trends in the fourteen northern New Jersey counties which constitute the study area for the project: New Jersey: Link to the 21st Century. The paper is based on data primarily taken from the 1990 Census and from data posted on the web by the New Jersey Department of Labor.

<p>The objective of this working paper is to show trends in employment in different industries in the study area. Two sets of tables and figures are presented to illustrate these trends. Tables 1A through 1D, and figures 1 through 10 show trends in non-farm employment for different labor areas from 1980 to 1999. Labor areas are also called Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSA?s). In some cases, these labor areas consist of several counties. The study area consists of 14 counties that form 7 labor areas as indicated in the following table.