Roadways, while critical infrastructure, reduce hydrological and ecological conductivity, altering or restricting the natural flow of water and movement of plants and animals. In particular, water flow is likely to be altered by the fill used to construct the road, the structure itself, sedimentation which subsequently accumulates along the road, and by changes in surface water routing governed by the sizes and locations of culverts. These impacts can cause unnatural fluctuations in water levels which may be harmful to maintaining rare fen habitats.  MORE about Shared Agency Conservation Management Plan for the Junius Pond Unique Area

Recently, roadside rights-of-way have been proposed as habitat for pollinating insect conservation, such as in the US federal pollinator plan focused on monarch butterflies. However, whether highway roadsides are an effective site of biological conservation of monarchs or other pollinating insects has yet to be rigorously tested. Moreover, the as of yet limited research of road impacts on invertebrates indicates that roads may be harmful.  MORE about Effects of a Modified Mowing Regime in NYSDOT ROWs on Pollinators and Vegetation

The predictive models in the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) is based on the Safety Performance Functions (SPFs), which is a statistical regression model based on observed crash data from similar facility types and estimates the predicted average crash frequency the base conditions. To account for differences between the base conditions and the specific conditions of the facility site, accident modification factors (CMFs) are utilized to adjust the prediction to account for the geometric design and traffic control features of the specific site.  MORE about Calibration/Development of Safety Peformance Functions for New Jersey

In metropolitan areas, poorly managed traffic signal systems can have significant negative impacts on traffic conditions. Ineffective management, operation, and maintenance of traffic signals contributes to almost 300 million vehicle-hours of delay annually. Despite these turbulent conditions, technology is advancing rapidly and new ideas are providing fresh ways to handle problems related to congestion. However, many local municipal roadway systems lack the same level of technology as state and county systems, in many cases degrading that critical first and final legs of the journey.  MORE about Demonstration of Virtual Transportation Management Strategies for Smart Cities in NY